Diabetes Mellitus Disease

Diabetes Mellitus Disease

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by high blood sugar levels caused by a disturbance to insulin secretion or insulin disruption or both. The body of a patient with diabetes mellitus can not produce or can not respond to the hormone insulin produced by the pancreas organ, so that blood sugar levels increase and can cause short-term and long-term complications in these patients.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is divided into several types. Type I diabetes usually causes symptoms before the age of 30 years, although symptoms may occur at any time. Type I diabetes patients require insulin from outside the body for survival. Type II DM is usually experienced when the patient is 30 years of age or older, and the patient is not dependent on insulin from outside the body, except in certain circumstances. Another type of DM is gestational DM, ie DM that occurs in pregnant women, caused by impaired glucose tolerance in these patients.

Currently the number of DM type II patients is increasing, due to increasingly unhealthy lifestyles, such as lack of physical activity and unhealthy eating patterns. Risk factors for type II DM include genetic, environmental, age, obesity, lack of physical activity, history of gestational DM, as well as certain race or ethnicity.

Symptoms of DM type II include:

excessive thirst,
urinate more frequently (the frequency of waking from sleep to urination during the night becomes more frequent than usual),
eat a lot,
sudden weight loss for no apparent reason
Diagnosis is made by checking blood sugar levels, ie blood sugar after 8 hours of fasting or blood sugar at the time.

The important thing done by DM patients is to control their blood sugar levels. Uncontrolled blood sugar levels (always high, or sometimes high sometimes low, or too low) can cause complications in DM patients. Short-term complications such as hypoglycemia, a condition in which blood sugar levels are too low (<70 mg / dl). The symptoms that are felt at the time of hypoglycemic patients are sweating, heart palpitations, hunger, and trembling. If not treated promptly, the patient may lose consciousness, insults and convulsions. Long-term complications that can occur usually involve large and small blood vessels as well as the nervous system. Complications can affect vital organs such as brain, heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves and others, so regular inspection is required regularly.

Remember to always keep your body healthy with a healthy lifestyle (eat healthy food, exercise regularly, adequate rest, healthy mind).