Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms

 Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms

In the beginning, patients often do not realize that he has diabetes mellitus, even years later. However, suspicion of DM should occur if a person has a classic DM complaint in the form of:

• polyuria (many urine)
• polydipsia (thirst so much to drink)
• polifagia (much to eat due to feelings of continuous hunger)
• weight loss that can not be explained why

If the above complaints are experienced by a person, to confirm the diagnosis can be checked additional DM complaints in the form:

• weak, tired, tingling, itching
• blurred vision
• poor wound healing
• erectile dysfunction in male patients
• itching in the genitals of female patients

Diagnosis of DM should not be based on the discovery of glucose in the urine alone. Diagnosis is confirmed by examination of blood glucose levels of the veins. While to see and control the results of therapy can be done by checking the blood glucose capillaries with glucometer.

A person is diagnosed with DM if he or she has one or more of the following criteria:

• Experiencing classic symptoms of DM and plasma glucose levels at ≥200 mg / dL
• Experiencing the classic symptoms of DM and fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg / dL
• Plasma glucose 2 hours after Oral Glucose Tolerant Tests (TTGO) ≥200 mg / dL
• HbA1C Examination ≥ 6.5%

Information:

• Plasma glucose as a result of a momentary examination one day regardless of the patient's last feeding time.
• Fasting means the patient does not get additional calories for at least 8 hours.
• TTGO is an examination performed by giving a specific glucose solution to be drunk. Before drinking the solution will be examined blood glucose levels, then will be checked again 1 hour and 2 hours after drinking the solution. This examination is rarely practiced.

If a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal values ​​but do not fit into the DM criteria, then they fall into the prediabetes category. Included in it is:

• Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose (GDPT), which is established when fasting plasma glucose is obtained between 100 - 125 mg / dL and plasma glucose levels 2 hours after taking TTGO glucose solution <140 mg / dL
• Impaired Glucose Tolerance (TGT), which is established when plasma glucose levels are 2 h after taking TTGO glucose solution between 140 - 199 mg / dL

Normal blood glucose numbers

Fasting

Normal for person without diabetes: 70–99 mg/dl (3.9–5.5 mmol/L)

Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes: 80–130 mg/dl (4.4–7.2 mmol/L)

2 hours after meals

Normal for person without diabetes: Less than 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L)

Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes: Less than 180 mg/dl (10.0 mmol/L)

HbA1c

Normal for person without diabetes: Less than 5.7%

Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes: 7.0% or less